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GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE CERN Open Hardware Licence Version 2 - Strongly Reciprocal
Version 3, 29 June 2007
Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <https://fsf.org/>
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
Preamble Preamble
The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for CERN has developed this licence to promote collaboration among
software and other kinds of works. hardware designers and to provide a legal tool which supports the
freedom to use, study, modify, share and distribute hardware designs
and products based on those designs. Version 2 of the CERN Open
Hardware Licence comes in three variants: CERN-OHL-P (permissive); and
two reciprocal licences: CERN-OHL-W (weakly reciprocal) and this
licence, CERN-OHL-S (strongly reciprocal).
The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed The CERN-OHL-S is copyright CERN 2020. Anyone is welcome to use it, in
to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast, unmodified form only.
the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free
software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to
your programs, too.
When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not Use of this Licence does not imply any endorsement by CERN of any
price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you Licensor or their designs nor does it imply any involvement by CERN in
have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for their development.
them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you
want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new
free programs, and that you know you can do these things.
To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you
these rights or asking you to surrender the rights. Therefore, you have
certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if
you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether 1 Definitions
gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same
freedoms that you received. You must make sure that they, too, receive
or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they
know their rights.
Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps: 1.1 'Licence' means this CERN-OHL-S.
(1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License
giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it.
For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly explains 1.2 'Compatible Licence' means
that there is no warranty for this free software. For both users' and
authors' sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as
changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to
authors of previous versions.
Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run a) any earlier version of the CERN Open Hardware licence, or
modified versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer
can do so. This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of
protecting users' freedom to change the software. The systematic
pattern of such abuse occurs in the area of products for individuals to
use, which is precisely where it is most unacceptable. Therefore, we
have designed this version of the GPL to prohibit the practice for those
products. If such problems arise substantially in other domains, we
stand ready to extend this provision to those domains in future versions
of the GPL, as needed to protect the freedom of users.
Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents. b) any version of the CERN-OHL-S, or
States should not allow patents to restrict development and use of
software on general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to
avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program could
make it effectively proprietary. To prevent this, the GPL assures that
patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and c) any licence which permits You to treat the Source to which
modification follow. it applies as licensed under CERN-OHL-S provided that on
Conveyance of any such Source, or any associated Product You
treat the Source in question as being licensed under
CERN-OHL-S.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS 1.3 'Source' means information such as design materials or digital
code which can be applied to Make or test a Product or to
prepare a Product for use, Conveyance or sale, regardless of its
medium or how it is expressed. It may include Notices.
0. Definitions. 1.4 'Covered Source' means Source that is explicitly made available
under this Licence.
"This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License. 1.5 'Product' means any device, component, work or physical object,
whether in finished or intermediate form, arising from the use,
application or processing of Covered Source.
"Copyright" also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of 1.6 'Make' means to create or configure something, whether by
works, such as semiconductor masks. manufacture, assembly, compiling, loading or applying Covered
Source or another Product or otherwise.
"The Program" refers to any copyrightable work licensed under this 1.7 'Available Component' means any part, sub-assembly, library or
License. Each licensee is addressed as "you". "Licensees" and code which:
"recipients" may be individuals or organizations.
To "modify" a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of the work a) is licensed to You as Complete Source under a Compatible
in a fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the making of an Licence; or
exact copy. The resulting work is called a "modified version" of the
earlier work or a work "based on" the earlier work.
A "covered work" means either the unmodified Program or a work based b) is available, at the time a Product or the Source containing
on the Program. it is first Conveyed, to You and any other prospective
licensees
To "propagate" a work means to do anything with it that, without i) as a physical part with sufficient rights and
permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for information (including any configuration and
infringement under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a programming files and information about its
computer or modifying a private copy. Propagation includes copying, characteristics and interfaces) to enable it either to
distribution (with or without modification), making available to the be Made itself, or to be sourced and used to Make the
public, and in some countries other activities as well. Product; or
ii) as part of the normal distribution of a tool used to
design or Make the Product.
To "convey" a work means any kind of propagation that enables other 1.8 'Complete Source' means the set of all Source necessary to Make
parties to make or receive copies. Mere interaction with a user through a Product, in the preferred form for making modifications,
a computer network, with no transfer of a copy, is not conveying. including necessary installation and interfacing information
both for the Product, and for any included Available Components.
If the format is proprietary, it must also be made available in
a format (if the proprietary tool can create it) which is
viewable with a tool available to potential licensees and
licensed under a licence approved by the Free Software
Foundation or the Open Source Initiative. Complete Source need
not include the Source of any Available Component, provided that
You include in the Complete Source sufficient information to
enable a recipient to Make or source and use the Available
Component to Make the Product.
An interactive user interface displays "Appropriate Legal Notices" 1.9 'Source Location' means a location where a Licensor has placed
to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently visible Covered Source, and which that Licensor reasonably believes will
feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2) remain easily accessible for at least three years for anyone to
tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the obtain a digital copy.
extent that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the
work under this License, and how to view a copy of this License. If
the interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as a
menu, a prominent item in the list meets this criterion.
1. Source Code. 1.10 'Notice' means copyright, acknowledgement and trademark notices,
Source Location references, modification notices (subsection
The "source code" for a work means the preferred form of the work 3.3(b)) and all notices that refer to this Licence and to the
for making modifications to it. "Object code" means any non-source disclaimer of warranties that are included in the Covered
form of a work.
A "Standard Interface" means an interface that either is an official
standard defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of
interfaces specified for a particular programming language, one that
is widely used among developers working in that language.
The "System Libraries" of an executable work include anything, other
than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of
packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major
Component, and (b) serves only to enable use of the work with that
Major Component, or to implement a Standard Interface for which an
implementation is available to the public in source code form. A
"Major Component", in this context, means a major essential component
(kernel, window system, and so on) of the specific operating system
(if any) on which the executable work runs, or a compiler used to
produce the work, or an object code interpreter used to run it.
The "Corresponding Source" for a work in object code form means all
the source code needed to generate, install, and (for an executable
work) run the object code and to modify the work, including scripts to
control those activities. However, it does not include the work's
System Libraries, or general-purpose tools or generally available free
programs which are used unmodified in performing those activities but
which are not part of the work. For example, Corresponding Source
includes interface definition files associated with source files for
the work, and the source code for shared libraries and dynamically
linked subprograms that the work is specifically designed to require,
such as by intimate data communication or control flow between those
subprograms and other parts of the work.
The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users
can regenerate automatically from other parts of the Corresponding
Source. Source.
The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that 1.11 'Licensee' or 'You' means any person exercising rights under
same work. this Licence.
2. Basic Permissions. 1.12 'Licensor' means a natural or legal person who creates or
modifies Covered Source. A person may be a Licensee and a
All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of Licensor at the same time.
copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated
conditions are met. This License explicitly affirms your unlimited 1.13 'Convey' means to communicate to the public or distribute.
permission to run the unmodified Program. The output from running a
covered work is covered by this License only if the output, given its
content, constitutes a covered work. This License acknowledges your 2 Applicability
rights of fair use or other equivalent, as provided by copyright law.
2.1 This Licence governs the use, copying, modification, Conveying
You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not of Covered Source and Products, and the Making of Products. By
convey, without conditions so long as your license otherwise remains exercising any right granted under this Licence, You irrevocably
in force. You may convey covered works to others for the sole purpose accept these terms and conditions.
of having them make modifications exclusively for you, or provide you
with facilities for running those works, provided that you comply with 2.2 This Licence is granted by the Licensor directly to You, and
the terms of this License in conveying all material for which you do shall apply worldwide and without limitation in time.
not control copyright. Those thus making or running the covered works
for you must do so exclusively on your behalf, under your direction 2.3 You shall not attempt to restrict by contract or otherwise the
and control, on terms that prohibit them from making any copies of rights granted under this Licence to other Licensees.
your copyrighted material outside their relationship with you.
2.4 This Licence is not intended to restrict fair use, fair dealing,
Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under or any other similar right.
the conditions stated below. Sublicensing is not allowed; section 10
makes it unnecessary.
3 Copying, modifying and Conveying Covered Source
3. Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
3.1 You may copy and Convey verbatim copies of Covered Source, in
No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological any medium, provided You retain all Notices.
measure under any applicable law fulfilling obligations under article
11 of the WIPO copyright treaty adopted on 20 December 1996, or 3.2 You may modify Covered Source, other than Notices, provided that
similar laws prohibiting or restricting circumvention of such You irrevocably undertake to make that modified Covered Source
measures. available from a Source Location should You Convey a Product in
circumstances where the recipient does not otherwise receive a
When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid copy of the modified Covered Source. In each case subsection 3.3
circumvention of technological measures to the extent such circumvention shall apply.
is effected by exercising rights under this License with respect to
the covered work, and you disclaim any intention to limit operation or You may only delete Notices if they are no longer applicable to
modification of the work as a means of enforcing, against the work's the corresponding Covered Source as modified by You and You may
users, your or third parties' legal rights to forbid circumvention of add additional Notices applicable to Your modifications.
technological measures. Including Covered Source in a larger work is modifying the
Covered Source, and the larger work becomes modified Covered
4. Conveying Verbatim Copies. Source.
You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you 3.3 You may Convey modified Covered Source (with the effect that You
receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and shall also become a Licensor) provided that You:
appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice;
keep intact all notices stating that this License and any a) retain Notices as required in subsection 3.2;
non-permissive terms added in accord with section 7 apply to the code;
keep intact all notices of the absence of any warranty; and give all b) add a Notice to the modified Covered Source stating that You
recipients a copy of this License along with the Program. have modified it, with the date and brief description of how
You have modified it;
You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey,
and you may offer support or warranty protection for a fee. c) add a Source Location Notice for the modified Covered Source
if You Convey in circumstances where the recipient does not
5. Conveying Modified Source Versions. otherwise receive a copy of the modified Covered Source; and
You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to d) license the modified Covered Source under the terms and
produce it from the Program, in the form of source code under the conditions of this Licence (or, as set out in subsection
terms of section 4, provided that you also meet all of these conditions: 8.3, a later version, if permitted by the licence of the
original Covered Source). Such modified Covered Source must
a) The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified be licensed as a whole, but excluding Available Components
it, and giving a relevant date. contained in it, which remain licensed under their own
applicable licences.
b) The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is
released under this License and any conditions added under section
7. This requirement modifies the requirement in section 4 to 4 Making and Conveying Products
"keep intact all notices".
You may Make Products, and/or Convey them, provided that You either
c) You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this provide each recipient with a copy of the Complete Source or ensure
License to anyone who comes into possession of a copy. This that each recipient is notified of the Source Location of the Complete
License will therefore apply, along with any applicable section 7 Source. That Complete Source is Covered Source, and You must
additional terms, to the whole of the work, and all its parts, accordingly satisfy Your obligations set out in subsection 3.3. If
regardless of how they are packaged. This License gives no specified in a Notice, the Product must visibly and securely display
permission to license the work in any other way, but it does not the Source Location on it or its packaging or documentation in the
invalidate such permission if you have separately received it. manner specified in that Notice.
d) If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display
Appropriate Legal Notices; however, if the Program has interactive 5 Research and Development
interfaces that do not display Appropriate Legal Notices, your
work need not make them do so. You may Convey Covered Source, modified Covered Source or Products to
a legal entity carrying out development, testing or quality assurance
A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent work on Your behalf provided that the work is performed on terms which
works, which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work, prevent the entity from both using the Source or Products for its own
and which are not combined with it such as to form a larger program, internal purposes and Conveying the Source or Products or any
in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an modifications to them to any person other than You. Any modifications
"aggregate" if the compilation and its resulting copyright are not made by the entity shall be deemed to be made by You pursuant to
used to limit the access or legal rights of the compilation's users subsection 3.2.
beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work
in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other
parts of the aggregate. 6 DISCLAIMER AND LIABILITY
6. Conveying Non-Source Forms. 6.1 DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY -- The Covered Source and any Products
are provided 'as is' and any express or implied warranties,
You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms including, but not limited to, implied warranties of
of sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the merchantability, of satisfactory quality, non-infringement of
machine-readable Corresponding Source under the terms of this License, third party rights, and fitness for a particular purpose or use
in one of these ways: are disclaimed in respect of any Source or Product to the
maximum extent permitted by law. The Licensor makes no
a) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product representation that any Source or Product does not or will not
(including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the infringe any patent, copyright, trade secret or other
Corresponding Source fixed on a durable physical medium proprietary right. The entire risk as to the use, quality, and
customarily used for software interchange. performance of any Source or Product shall be with You and not
the Licensor. This disclaimer of warranty is an essential part
b) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product of this Licence and a condition for the grant of any rights
(including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a granted under this Licence.
written offer, valid for at least three years and valid for as
long as you offer spare parts or customer support for that product 6.2 EXCLUSION AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY -- The Licensor shall, to
model, to give anyone who possesses the object code either (1) a the maximum extent permitted by law, have no liability for
copy of the Corresponding Source for all the software in the direct, indirect, special, incidental, consequential, exemplary,
product that is covered by this License, on a durable physical punitive or other damages of any character including, without
medium customarily used for software interchange, for a price no limitation, procurement of substitute goods or services, loss of
more than your reasonable cost of physically performing this use, data or profits, or business interruption, however caused
conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the and on any theory of contract, warranty, tort (including
Corresponding Source from a network server at no charge. negligence), product liability or otherwise, arising in any way
in relation to the Covered Source, modified Covered Source
c) Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the and/or the Making or Conveyance of a Product, even if advised of
written offer to provide the Corresponding Source. This the possibility of such damages, and You shall hold the
alternative is allowed only occasionally and noncommercially, and Licensor(s) free and harmless from any liability, costs,
only if you received the object code with such an offer, in accord damages, fees and expenses, including claims by third parties,
with subsection 6b. in relation to such use.
d) Convey the object code by offering access from a designated
place (gratis or for a charge), and offer equivalent access to the 7 Patents
Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place at no
further charge. You need not require recipients to copy the 7.1 Subject to the terms and conditions of this Licence, each
Corresponding Source along with the object code. If the place to Licensor hereby grants to You a perpetual, worldwide,
copy the object code is a network server, the Corresponding Source non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable (except as
may be on a different server (operated by you or a third party) stated in subsections 7.2 and 8.4) patent license to Make, have
that supports equivalent copying facilities, provided you maintain Made, use, offer to sell, sell, import, and otherwise transfer
clear directions next to the object code saying where to find the the Covered Source and Products, where such licence applies only
Corresponding Source. Regardless of what server hosts the to those patent claims licensable by such Licensor that are
Corresponding Source, you remain obligated to ensure that it is necessarily infringed by exercising rights under the Covered
available for as long as needed to satisfy these requirements. Source as Conveyed by that Licensor.
e) Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided 7.2 If You institute patent litigation against any entity (including
you inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the
Source of the work are being offered to the general public at no Covered Source or a Product constitutes direct or contributory
charge under subsection 6d. patent infringement, or You seek any declaration that a patent
licensed to You under this Licence is invalid or unenforceable
A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded then any rights granted to You under this Licence shall
from the Corresponding Source as a System Library, need not be terminate as of the date such process is initiated.
included in conveying the object code work.
A "User Product" is either (1) a "consumer product", which means any 8 General
tangible personal property which is normally used for personal, family,
or household purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold for incorporation 8.1 If any provisions of this Licence are or subsequently become
into a dwelling. In determining whether a product is a consumer product, invalid or unenforceable for any reason, the remaining
doubtful cases shall be resolved in favor of coverage. For a particular provisions shall remain effective.
product received by a particular user, "normally used" refers to a
typical or common use of that class of product, regardless of the status 8.2 You shall not use any of the name (including acronyms and
of the particular user or of the way in which the particular user abbreviations), image, or logo by which the Licensor or CERN is
actually uses, or expects or is expected to use, the product. A product known, except where needed to comply with section 3, or where
is a consumer product regardless of whether the product has substantial the use is otherwise allowed by law. Any such permitted use
commercial, industrial or non-consumer uses, unless such uses represent shall be factual and shall not be made so as to suggest any kind
the only significant mode of use of the product. of endorsement or implication of involvement by the Licensor or
its personnel.
"Installation Information" for a User Product means any methods,
procedures, authorization keys, or other information required to install 8.3 CERN may publish updated versions and variants of this Licence
and execute modified versions of a covered work in that User Product from which it considers to be in the spirit of this version, but may
a modified version of its Corresponding Source. The information must differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. New
suffice to ensure that the continued functioning of the modified object versions will be published with a unique version number and a
code is in no case prevented or interfered with solely because variant identifier specifying the variant. If the Licensor has
modification has been made. specified that a given variant applies to the Covered Source
without specifying a version, You may treat that Covered Source
If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or as being released under any version of the CERN-OHL with that
specifically for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as variant. If no variant is specified, the Covered Source shall be
part of a transaction in which the right of possession and use of the treated as being released under CERN-OHL-S. The Licensor may
User Product is transferred to the recipient in perpetuity or for a also specify that the Covered Source is subject to a specific
fixed term (regardless of how the transaction is characterized), the version of the CERN-OHL or any later version in which case You
Corresponding Source conveyed under this section must be accompanied may apply this or any later version of CERN-OHL with the same
by the Installation Information. But this requirement does not apply variant identifier published by CERN.
if neither you nor any third party retains the ability to install
modified object code on the User Product (for example, the work has 8.4 This Licence shall terminate with immediate effect if You fail
been installed in ROM). to comply with any of its terms and conditions.
The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a 8.5 However, if You cease all breaches of this Licence, then Your
requirement to continue to provide support service, warranty, or updates Licence from any Licensor is reinstated unless such Licensor has
for a work that has been modified or installed by the recipient, or for terminated this Licence by giving You, while You remain in
the User Product in which it has been modified or installed. Access to a breach, a notice specifying the breach and requiring You to cure
network may be denied when the modification itself materially and it within 30 days, and You have failed to come into compliance
adversely affects the operation of the network or violates the rules and in all material respects by the end of the 30 day period. Should
protocols for communication across the network. You repeat the breach after receipt of a cure notice and
subsequent reinstatement, this Licence will terminate
Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided, immediately and permanently. Section 6 shall continue to apply
in accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly after any termination.
documented (and with an implementation available to the public in
source code form), and must require no special password or key for 8.6 This Licence shall not be enforceable except by a Licensor
unpacking, reading or copying. acting as such, and third party beneficiary rights are
specifically excluded.
7. Additional Terms.
"Additional permissions" are terms that supplement the terms of this
License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall
be treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent
that they are valid under applicable law. If additional permissions
apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately
under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by
this License without regard to the additional permissions.
When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option
remove any additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of
it. (Additional permissions may be written to require their own
removal in certain cases when you modify the work.) You may place
additional permissions on material, added by you to a covered work,
for which you have or can give appropriate copyright permission.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you
add to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of
that material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
a) Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the
terms of sections 15 and 16 of this License; or
b) Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
Notices displayed by works containing it; or
c) Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or
requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in
reasonable ways as different from the original version; or
d) Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or
authors of the material; or
e) Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some
trade names, trademarks, or service marks; or
f) Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that
material by anyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of
it) with contractual assumptions of liability to the recipient, for
any liability that these contractual assumptions directly impose on
those licensors and authors.
All other non-permissive additional terms are considered "further
restrictions" within the meaning of section 10. If the Program as you
received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is
governed by this License along with a term that is a further
restriction, you may remove that term. If a license document contains
a further restriction but permits relicensing or conveying under this
License, you may add to a covered work material governed by the terms
of that license document, provided that the further restriction does
not survive such relicensing or conveying.
If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you
must place, in the relevant source files, a statement of the
additional terms that apply to those files, or a notice indicating
where to find the applicable terms.
Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the
form of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions;
the above requirements apply either way.
8. Termination.
You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly
provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or
modify it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under
this License (including any patent licenses granted under the third
paragraph of section 11).
However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your
license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a)
provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and
finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright
holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means
prior to 60 days after the cessation.
Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
your receipt of the notice.
Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
material under section 10.
9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or
run a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work
occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission
to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However,
nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or
modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do
not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a
covered work, you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so.
10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and
propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible
for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.
An "entity transaction" is a transaction transferring control of an
organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered
work results from an entity transaction, each party to that
transaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever
licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or could
give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the
Corresponding Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if
the predecessor has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.
You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may
not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of
rights granted under this License, and you may not initiate litigation
(including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that
any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for
sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
11. Patents.
A "contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
work thus licensed is called the contributor's "contributor version".
A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent claims
owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted
by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version,
but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a
consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For
purposes of this definition, "control" includes the right to grant
patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of
this License.
Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to
make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
propagate the contents of its contributor version.
In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any express
agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent
(such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to
sue for patent infringement). To "grant" such a patent license to a
party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a
patent against the party.
If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone
to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a
publicly available network server or other readily accessible means,
then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so
available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the
patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
license to downstream recipients. "Knowingly relying" means you have
actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
country that you have reason to believe are valid.
If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
work and works based on it.
A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within
the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered
work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is
in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment
to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying
the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the
parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory
patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work
conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily
for and in connection with specific products or compilations that
contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement,
or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a
covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
combination as such.
14. Revised Versions of this License.
The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
address new problems or concerns.
Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the
option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
version or of any later version published by the Free Software
Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the
GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published
by the Free Software Foundation.
If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's
public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you
to choose that version for the Program.
Later license versions may give you additional or different
permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
later version.
15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
16. Limitation of Liability.
IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGES.
17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
copy of the Program in return for a fee.
END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
<one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
<program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.